WRA, WRMA and “WARMA”
Kenya's current regulator is the Water Resources Authority (WRA). WRMA was the former Water Resources Management Authority, while “WARMA” is a common search spelling. Current applications and confirmations should be made with WRA.
This guide is practical information, not legal advice. Requirements depend on the proposed abstraction, permit category, location and use. Confirm the latest forms, fees and conditions directly with WRA before drilling.
Before drilling
A groundwater project normally begins with a professional hydrogeological assessment and siting report. The project proponent should establish the applicable WRA application category and obtain authorisation to construct works before drilling begins. Other national, county, environmental or water-service approvals may apply.
Do not treat a survey as permission to drill. The report supports technical decision-making and an application; the regulator determines whether authorisation is issued and under which conditions.
Construction and supervision
Use qualified professionals and follow applicable WRA codes of practice for siting, borehole construction, supervision and pumping tests. Keep a drilling log, construction record, material details, water strikes and final completion information.
The site must protect groundwater from contamination. The Water Resources Regulations include restrictions where activities near a proposed borehole may negatively affect groundwater quality.
Testing, completion and permit
After construction, development and a controlled pumping test establish performance. Representative water samples should be analysed for the intended use. Submit completion records and arrange any required inspection before final water-permit issuance or abstraction.
The 2021 Regulations include groundwater-protection and monitoring provisions such as dipper tubes and metering for borehole abstractors. Confirm the precise conditions attached to your authorisation and permit.
Owner responsibilities
The owner is responsible for operating within permit conditions, maintaining required meters and records, protecting the wellhead, preventing pollution and avoiding abstraction beyond the approved or sustainable rate.
Changes to use, ownership, abstraction, works or project design may require notification, variation, transfer or further approval. Ask WRA before making a material change.